A digital product passport (DPP) is a structured, machine-readable electronic record holding information about a product’s identity, characteristics, materials, and life cycle, accessible through a data carrier such as a QR code. The general DPP framework is established under the Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 (ESPR), which lets the Commission introduce passports for many product groups. The EU battery passport, required under Regulation (EU) 2023/1542, is the first sector-specific implementation of the digital product passport concept.
The DPP is designed to make product information available to actors along the value chain — consumers, repairers, recyclers, and authorities — each according to defined access rights. It is intended to support the circular economy by making products easier to repair, reuse, and recycle.