State of charge (SoC)

State of charge (SoC) is the level of charge of a battery relative to its current capacity, expressed as a percentage where 100% is fully charged and 0% is empty. It is a dynamic operating parameter tracked by the battery management system and is distinct from state of health, which reflects long-term ageing rather than the present charge level. SoC is among the operational data points relevant to the dynamic information that LMT, industrial, and EV batteries must record under Regulation (EU) 2023/1542.